@hackage accelerate1.0.0.0

An embedded language for accelerated array processing

Data.Array.Accelerate defines an embedded array language for computations for high-performance computing in Haskell. Computations on multi-dimensional, regular arrays are expressed in the form of parameterised collective operations, such as maps, reductions, and permutations. These computations may then be online compiled and executed on a range of architectures.

A simple example

As a simple example, consider the computation of a dot product of two vectors of floating point numbers:

dotp :: Acc (Vector Float) -> Acc (Vector Float) -> Acc (Scalar Float)
dotp xs ys = fold (+) 0 (zipWith (*) xs ys)

Except for the type, this code is almost the same as the corresponding Haskell code on lists of floats. The types indicate that the computation may be online-compiled for performance - for example, using Data.Array.Accelerate.LLVM.PTX it may be on-the-fly off-loaded to the GPU.

Additional components

The following supported add-ons are available as separate packages. Install them from Hackage with cabal install <package>

  • accelerate-llvm-native: Backend supporting parallel execution on multicore CPUs.

  • accelerate-llvm-ptx: Backend supporting parallel execution on CUDA-capable NVIDIA GPUs. Requires a GPU with compute capability 2.0 or greater. See the following table for supported GPUs: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CUDA#Supported_GPUs

  • accelerate-cuda: Backend targeting CUDA-enabled NVIDIA GPUs. Requires a GPU with compute compatibility 1.2 or greater. /NOTE: This backend is being deprecated in favour of accelerate-llvm-ptx./

  • accelerate-examples: Computational kernels and applications showcasing the use of Accelerate as well as a regression test suite, supporting function and performance testing.

  • accelerate-io: Fast conversions between Accelerate arrays and other array formats (including vector and repa).

  • accelerate-fft: Discrete Fourier transforms, with FFI bindings to optimised implementations.

  • accelerate-bignum: Fixed-width large integer arithmetic.

  • colour-accelerate: Colour representations in Accelerate (RGB, sRGB, HSV, and HSL).

  • gloss-accelerate: Generate gloss pictures from Accelerate.

  • gloss-raster-accelerate: Parallel rendering of raster images and animations.

  • lens-accelerate: Lens operators for Accelerate types.

  • linear-accelerate: Linear vector spaces in Accelerate.

  • mwc-random-accelerate: Generate Accelerate arrays filled with high quality pseudorandom numbers.

Examples and documentation

Haddock documentation is included in the package

The accelerate-examples package demonstrates a range of computational kernels and several complete applications, including:

  • An implementation of the Canny edge detection algorithm

  • An interactive Mandelbrot set generator

  • A particle-based simulation of stable fluid flows

  • An n-body simulation of gravitational attraction between solid particles

  • An implementation of the PageRank algorithm

  • A simple interactive ray tracer

  • A particle based simulation of stable fluid flows

  • A cellular automata simulation

  • A "password recovery" tool, for dictionary lookup of MD5 hashes

lulesh-accelerate is an implementation of the Livermore Unstructured Lagrangian Explicit Shock Hydrodynamics (LULESH) mini-app. LULESH represents a typical hydrodynamics code such as ALE3D, but is highly simplified and hard-coded to solve the Sedov blast problem on an unstructured hexahedron mesh.

Mailing list and contacts

  • Installation

  • Tested Compilers

  • Dependencies (0)

  • Dependents (27)

    @hackage/accelerate-io-repa, @hackage/accelerate-bignum, @hackage/containers-accelerate, @hackage/accelerate-llvm, @hackage/hashable-accelerate, @hackage/accelerate-io-serialise, Show all…

    • Package Flags

      debug
       (off by default)

      Enable debug tracing messages. The following options are read from the environment variable ACCELERATE_FLAGS, and via the command-line as:

      ./program +ACC ... -ACC

      Note that a backend may not implement (or be applicable to) all options.

      The following flags control phases of the compiler. The are enabled with -f<flag> and can be reveresed with -fno-<flag>:

      • acc-sharing: Enable sharing recovery of array expressions (True).

      • exp-sharing: Enable sharing recovery of scalar expressions (True).

      • fusion: Enable array fusion (True).

      • simplify: Enable program simplification phase (True).

      • flush-cache: Clear any persistent caches on program startup (False).

      • fast-math: Allow algebraically equivalent transformations which may change floating point results (e.g., reassociate) (True).

      The following options control debug message output, and are enabled with -d<flag>.

      • verbose: Be extra chatty.

      • dump-phases: Print timing information about each phase of the compiler. Enable GC stats (+RTS -t or otherwise) for memory usage information.

      • dump-sharing: Print information related to sharing recovery.

      • dump-simpl-stats: Print statistics related to fusion & simplification.

      • dump-simpl-iterations: Print a summary after each simplifier iteration.

      • dump-vectorisation: Print information related to the vectoriser.

      • dump-dot: Generate a representation of the program graph in Graphviz DOT format.

      • dump-simpl-dot: Generate a more compact representation of the program graph in Graphviz DOT format. In particular, scalar expressions are elided.

      • dump-gc: Print information related to the Accelerate garbage collector.

      • dump-gc-stats: Print aggregate garbage collection information at the end of program execution.

      • dubug-cc: Include debug symbols in the generated and compiled kernels.

      • dump-cc: Print information related to kernel code generation/compilation. Print the generated code if verbose.

      • dump-ld: Print information related to runtime linking.

      • dump-asm: Print information related to kernel assembly. Print the assembled code if verbose.

      • dump-exec: Print information related to program execution.

      • dump-sched: Print information related to execution scheduling.

      ekg
       (off by default)

      Enable hooks for monitoring the running application using EKG. Implies debug mode. In order to view the metrics, your application will need to initialise the EKG server like so:

      import Data.Array.Accelerate.Debug

import System.Metrics
import System.Remote.Monitoring

main :: IO ()
main = do
  store  <- initAccMetrics
  registerGcMetrics store      -- optional

  server <- forkServerWith store "localhost" 8000

  ...

      Note that, as with any program utilising EKG, in order to collect Haskell GC statistics collection, you must either run the program with:

      +RTS -T -RTS

      or compile it with:

      -with-rtsopts=-T
      bounds-checks
       (on by default)

      Enable bounds checking

      unsafe-checks
       (off by default)

      Enable bounds checking in unsafe operations

      internal-checks
       (off by default)

      Enable internal consistency checks